Appointment of Counsel

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In re Huerta, 2026 Cal. App. Unpub. LEXIS 116 (Cal. App. Ct. 2026)

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The Fifth District Court of Appeal held that gang enhancements may form the basis of a petition for habeas relief and appointment of counsel under the state’s Racial Justice Act. The court stated in relevant part: “The present petition alleges racially disparate treatment, and it identifies the statutory subsections implicated as the basis for the…

Challenging the Status Quo: Mobilizing Youth Defense Teams to Uphold Youth Rights & Uproot Injustice

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This Racial Justice Webinar was hosted by the Gault Center and Georgetown Law’s Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative on May 29, 2024. The webinar focused on a collective call to action for the youth defense community to transform the juvenile legal system by centering youth and their constitutional rights to freedom, liberty, and equality. This…

A Checklist to Assess the Presence of a Constitutional Violation under 34 U.S.C. 12601

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This checklist can be used to assess the presence of constitutional violations throughout the course of a client’s case. Please refer to the National Youth Defense Systems Standards and their accompanying User Guide for litigation strategies to challenge potential constitutional violations noted in this checklist.

National Youth Defense System Standards User Guide

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This User Guide provides advocates with a step-by-step outline of how to actualize the vision of the National Youth Defense System Standards to equip and invest in youth defense teams to fight for the liberation of all youth.The User Guide outlines constitutional rights detailed in the System Standards, provides a checklist to assess the presence…

Early Access to Counsel in Police Precincts Data Collection Practices & Recommendations

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Early Access to Counsel in Police Precincts Best Practices and Recommendations

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Early Access to Legal Counsel for Youth: An Implementation Study of California Senate Bills 395 and 203

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National Youth Defense System Standards

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Outlines steps that states must take to comply with the minimum requirements of the U.S. Constitution to protect the rights of youth facing deprivations of liberty.

The Importance of Early Appointment of Counsel in Juvenile Court

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Models for Change Innovation Brief: Early Appointment of Counsel

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NJDC Letter to Indiana Supreme Court in support of the Juvenile Appointment of Counsel Rule Amendment

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Fees, Costs & Fines Checklist for Youth Defenders

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Young people and their families are routinely assessed fees, fines, and other costs in delinquency matters. These financial assessments are often ordered without an ability-to-pay analysis by the court. A young person’s inability to pay can lead to long-lasting consequences, increased recidivism, and youth and their families having to choose between paying fees or buying…

Michigan v. E.E., 346 Mich. App. 332 (Mich. Ct. App. 2023)

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Cause of Action: Fulfilling the Promises of Gault 

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Creates a case for holding states liable for abdicating their duty to ensure that all children have zealous representation.

Report to Colorado General Assembly on the State of the Youth Defense System in Colorado

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Report to Colorado General Assembly on the State of the Youth Defense System in Colorado pursuant to House Join Resolution 13-1019, whose purpose was to “examine and make recommendations on current laws, procedures and practices for the appointment of counsel, advisement of rights and waivers of counsel for children in juvenile delinquency court.” This report…

[Washington] Wilbur v. Mount Vernon – U.S. Statement of Interest 

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On August 14, 2013, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a Statement of Interest in a federal lawsuit challenging deprivations of the right to counsel on misdemeanor cases in two cities in Washington. In calling for an independent monitor, the DOJ asserted, “First, a public defender must have the authority to decline appointments over the…

[New York] Hurrell-Harring v. New York – U.S. Statement of Interest 

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On August 14, 2013, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a Statement of Interest in a federal class action lawsuit on the constructive denial of counsel in criminal proceedings within five counties in New York. The DOJ asserted, “The provision of defense services is a multifaceted and complicated task. To guide the defense function, the…