Adolescent Development

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Felony Murder Affidavit of Patricia Coffey, Ph.D. and Odile Rodrik, M.S.

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This affidavit relies on adolescent development research to conclude that felony murder should not be applied to youth, given that young people’s ongoing brain and psychosocial development goes against the very premise of felony murder. This affidavit emphasizes how felony murder perpetuates racial disparities and is contrary to adolescent development principles—namely that youth experience more…

Annotated Bibliography: Decriminalizing “Play”

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Counseling Your Client on Raising Race

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DOJ Investigation of the City of Minneapolis and the Minneapolis Police Department 

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From the executive summary: “On April 21, 2021, the Department of Justice opened a pattern or practice investigation of the Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) and the City of Minneapolis. By then, Derek Chauvin had been convicted in state court for the tragic murder of George Floyd in 2020. In the years before, shootings by other…

Juvenile Law Center and Rise for Youth Amicus Brief, O.W. v. Carr

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This amicus brief by the Juvenile Law Center and Rise for Youth argues schools and school officials are increasingly entangled with law enforcement, especially, through the use of school resource officer programs, impacting students’ constitutional rights. The brief argues that O.W., a 13-year old student in this case, had his Fifth Amendment rights violated when his vice principal and the school resource officer compelled him to make an incriminating statement…

Fletcher v. State, 532 P.3d 286 (Alaska Ct. App. 2023)

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Wisconsin Innocence Project et al., State v. Hauschultz

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This brief by the Wisconsin Innocence Project and others argues the developmental characteristics of children and adolescents make them uniquely susceptible to the pressures of police interrogation, resulting in young people making involuntary statements. The brief calls the court to consider the child’s age and the coercive psychological tactics used during police interrogations, specifically the minimization and maximization techniques, to assess whether the child was in custody and…

Sample Expert Report on Implicit Racial Bias and Policing as Trauma

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This expert report analyzes the presence of racial bias in a police encounter with Black teenage girls in Colorado. The report utilizes research on implicit racial bias, stereotype threat, adultification, and policing as trauma in its analysis of the facts of the case. 

Annotated Bibliography: Promoting Adolescent Resilience, Storytelling, and Reform

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Retired Massachusetts Judges, the Boston Bar Association, and the Massachusetts Bar Association Amicus Brief, Commonwealth v. Mattis

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This amicus brief from former Massachusetts judges, the Boston Bar Association, and the Massachusetts Bar Association argues life without parole sentences violate the Commonwealth’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment for late adolescents between 18-20 years old for the same reasons they did for youth under 18 years old (as articulated in Diatchenko). Additionally, the brief argues late adolescents have a great propensity…

Annotated Bibliography: Advocating for Children and Families in the Era of Mass Incarceration

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Annotated Bibliography: Humanizing Youth of Color

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

10 Reasons Why Parent Involvement is Not Enough to Protect Adolescent Suspects During Custodial Police Interrogations

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Annotated Bibliography: Policing by Proxy

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Annotated Bibliography: Decriminalizing Adolescent Speech and Contempt of Cop

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Annotated Bibliography: Closing the School to Prison Pipeline

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Annotated Bibliography: Decriminalizing Race Pride, Free Speech, & Adolescent Identity Development for Youth of Color

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Annotated Bibliography: Defending Sexual Identity Development

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

Expanding the Idea and Practice of Gender Responsive Programs for Contra Costa Juvenile Probation

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Cause of Action: Fulfilling the Promises of Gault 

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Creates a case for holding states liable for abdicating their duty to ensure that all children have zealous representation.

Set Up to Fail: Youth Probation Conditions as a Driver of Incarceration

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Youth probation is the most common form of punishment for youth in the United States criminal legal system, with nearly a quarter of a million youth currently under supervision. Yet the role youth probation conditions play in the incarceration of youth has not been the focus of legal scholarship. Youth probation is a court-imposed intervention…

Annotated Bibliography: Decriminalizing Fashion & Culture

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This resource was created as part of the 2022 Racial Justice Training Series, co-hosted with the Georgetown Juvenile Justice Clinic & Initiative. Advocates and experts gathered each month to discuss a chapter of Prof. Kristin Henning’s Book The Rage of Innocence: How America Criminalizes Black Youth. Watch recordings of the monthly webinars and see other…

5 Fast Facts About the Importance of Caring Adults During our Adolescent Years

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From the introduction: “As we mature during adolescence, exercising more responsibility and personal agency, we become less physically dependent on adult caregivers. Yet parents and other caring adults remain as important to our healthy development as when we were younger. Below are five facts about the important role parents and other caring adults continue to…

State v. Thomas, 269 A. 3d 487 (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 2022)

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Smart, Safe and Fair II: Creating Effective Systems to Work with Youth Involved in Violent Behavior

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